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Number of optional activities that are instantiated in a group of cases. \newline An activity is considered optional if there is at least one case in the event log where it does not occur.

Process with multiple activities that are not instantiated in every case.

A greater number of optional activities is desired, as it implies a greater capability to address unexpected situations.

act
case

Formula for practitioners

$\displaystyle \sum_{a \in \mathit{act}(g)} \begin{cases} 1 & \text{if } a \in \mathit{opt}(C) \\ 0 & \text{otherwise} \end{cases}$

$\mathit{act}(c)$ returns the set of activities that occurred in case $c$.
$\mathit{opt}(C)$ returns the set of optional activities in the event log $C$.